What is an example of potassium sparing diuretics?

What is an example of potassium sparing diuretics?

• A. Hydrochlorothiazide
• B. Furosemide
• C. Spironolactone
• D. Mannitol

Answer: (C)

Potassium-sparing diuretics conserve potassium by blocking aldosterone’s effects in the distal nephron. Spironolactone is a classic example because it is a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that blocks aldosterone in the collecting ducts. This reduces sodium reabsorption and, at the same time, decreases potassium secretion into the urine, helping keep potassium levels from dropping. In contrast, hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide promote potassium loss: they increase sodium delivery to parts of the nephron where potassium is secreted, leading to hypokalemia. Mannitol, an osmotic diuretic, increases urine output through osmotic effects rather than altering aldosterone activity and potassium handling. Therefore spironolactone best fits the category of potassium-sparing diuretics, with the added note that it can raise potassium levels, especially in patients with renal impairment or those on other potassium-raising meds.

Potassium-sparing diuretics conserve potassium by blocking aldosterone’s effects in the distal nephron. Spironolactone is a classic example because it is a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that blocks aldosterone in the collecting ducts. This reduces sodium reabsorption and, at the same time, decreases potassium secretion into the urine, helping keep potassium levels from dropping.

In contrast, hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide promote potassium loss: they increase sodium delivery to parts of the nephron where potassium is secreted, leading to hypokalemia. Mannitol, an osmotic diuretic, increases urine output through osmotic effects rather than altering aldosterone activity and potassium handling. Therefore spironolactone best fits the category of potassium-sparing diuretics, with the added note that it can raise potassium levels, especially in patients with renal impairment or those on other potassium-raising meds.